When it comes to WordPress security, one of the most overlooked yet critical steps is learning how to deny access to your wp-config.php file. This file is the backbone of your WordPress installation because it stores essential database details, security keys, and configuration settings that keep your website functional. If hackers gain access to it, they can control your entire website and database. That’s why it’s crucial to protect it properly.
In this guide, we’ll show you step by step how to deny access to your wp-config.php file and keep your WordPress website safe from cyberattacks. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced webmaster, applying this security measure is a must. At Hostrago, we always recommend tightening your WordPress security because prevention is easier than recovery.
Why Is wp-config.php File So Important?
The wp-config.php file is one of the most sensitive files in a WordPress installation. It contains:
- Database connection details (username, password, host, and database name)
- Authentication unique keys and salts
- Security-related settings
- File system configuration
If attackers manage to access or download this file, they can manipulate your website, steal data, or even take it offline. That’s why restricting access to it should be your top priority when setting up or maintaining your WordPress site.
How Hackers Exploit wp-config.php
Hackers often use techniques such as brute force attacks, SQL injections, or file inclusion vulnerabilities to target this file. Once accessed, they can:
- Steal login details
- Alter configurations
- Gain complete control of the database
- Redirect traffic to malicious websites
How to Deny Access to Your wp-config.php File
Securing the wp-config.php file can be done with a few simple steps, usually by adding rules to your .htaccess file (for Apache servers) or NGINX configuration.
1. Restrict Access via .htaccess (Apache Server)
If your hosting uses Apache, you can deny access to wp-config.php by adding the following code in your .htaccess file, which is located in the root directory of your WordPress installation:
<files wp-config.php>
order allow,deny
deny from all
</files>2. Restrict Access via NGINX
If you’re using NGINX, add the following directive in your site’s configuration file:
location ~* wp-config.php {
deny all;
}
This ensures that the wp-config.php file is completely inaccessible from outside requests.
3. Move wp-config.php to a Higher Directory
Another advanced method is moving your wp-config.php file to a directory that is not publicly accessible. By default, WordPress allows the file to be stored one level above the public_html directory.
For example:
- Default:
/public_html/wp-config.php - Secure:
/wp-config.php
This makes it even harder for attackers to reach it.
Best Practices to Strengthen WordPress Security
Securing your wp-config.php file is just one step. Here are some additional practices to safeguard your WordPress site:
- Always update WordPress, plugins, and themes
- Use strong passwords and enable two-factor authentication
- Regularly back up your website
- Install a firewall or security plugin
- Choose a reliable hosting provider like Hostrago WordPress Hosting
Final Thoughts
The wp-config.php file is the heart of your WordPress website, and denying access to it is one of the simplest yet most effective security steps you can take. By applying the methods discussed above—whether through .htaccess, NGINX, or relocating the file—you can protect your site from common hacking attempts.
At Hostrago, we provide secure and optimized hosting solutions that make it easier to protect your WordPress installation. Combine these practices with other WordPress hardening measures, and your site will be far more secure.
If you want to learn more about WordPress security and hosting tips, check out our Knowledge Base or visit resources like WordPress.org Security.
